…通常，但并非总是，在 PISA 报告中给出，通常在末尾的某个位置

第 400 页，在本报告中。

无论如何，这是非常有用的数据。总体而言，这将进一步拉大第一世界和发展中国家之间的差距——实际上，几乎整个欧洲（包括前苏联）的差距都在 90% 左右；而智商较低的国家（以及中国和越南）则远低于 80%。

我对能力水平较低的国家进行了较小的修正——在这些国家，学生在学校学到的东西不多。

我只是有这个想法。

在《Hive Mind》中，我记得加勒特·琼斯 (Garrett Jones) 曾说过，高智商的高浓度可以驱动更高的智商，至少在功能上是这样（我想可以用鱼群中的一条鱼来进行类比，它不是靠自己的努力而前进，而是靠自己的努力）。由周围其他鱼产生的水运动产生）。你当然可以在许多精英认知领域看到这种事情——例如，阿纳托利·卡尔波夫（Anatoly Karpov）下的最好的棋不是在他占主导地位的时候，而是当他试图从加里·卡斯帕罗夫（Gary Kasparov）手中夺回世界冠军时。

这能部分甚至全部抵消排除效应吗？

My first and only experience of a teacher cheating about an exam was as a fresher. In his last lecture of the year, a mathematician said that he wanted to revise a topic with us. He then covered something that he hadn't taught us. That very topic cropped up in the examination later.

I quizzed my classmates to find out who had seen through the trick. Most had not seen the thrust, but a sizeable minority had recognised it as trick that their own schoolteachers had played. Sadly, I must inform you that most of the people familiar with the cheating came from the more famous schools.

Lower standard can really distort the outcome also. In high school, I was just average student at math with relatively easy testing questions. But I became prize winner at math competition when the testing question difficulty were so hard that most high school teachers had hard time to solve them.

When standard is low, the scoring difference is more about diligence and prudence than mental ability.

Blaming it on cheating is really cheap shot or sour grape.

IC

Very informative article which is about the psychological thriller and i must bookmark it, keep posting interesting articles.
心理惊悚片

Much has been said about cheating in high school. Interestingly the OECD TALIS project did have some
data on cheating in schools, i.e.

http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888933043150

TALIS 2013 Results: An International Perspective on Teaching and Learning
Table 2.20.Web School climate – Frequency of student-related factors

Sample summary data

Ncountry=34; Ncheat=2087; Nschool=8645;
Pct=pct of principals handling monthly, weekly or daily cheating reports

Pct Country
80.20荷兰
56.10 拉脱维亚
50.90意大利
50.90 爱沙尼亚
...
41.80 UnitedStates
38.00巴西
法国37.10
西班牙33.50
30.30以色列
28.40 BelgiumFlanders
27.80葡萄牙
...
26.60年平均值
...
墨西哥23.60
23.40芬兰
18.40 CanadaAlberta
16.80瑞典
14.90丹麦
11.00 UAEAbuDhabi
...
8.50澳大利亚
1.50 UnitedKingdomEngland
1.40新加坡
1.40韩国
0.80冰岛
0.60日本

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